非贵金属催化剂催化松香歧化反应研究

采用非贵金属为催化剂活性组分，用醇盐水解法制备氧化物负载金属活性组分为纳米粒子的新型催化剂。用F／MnOx催化剂催化思茅松脂松香歧化反应，在松香：催化剂：溶剂质量比为100：2．5：1、反应温度270℃、反应时间3h、通N2条件下，得到歧化松香脱氢枞酸含量48％以上，酸值152mgKOH／g以上，软化点高于79℃，不皂化物含量低于8％，色泽号(罗维邦)低于2。     

AH型非贵金属催化松香歧化反应动力学研究

用AH型非贵金属催化剂催化松香歧化反应,考察了搅拌速率、催化剂粒度、反应温度、反应时间对反应的影响,建立了动力学方程。确认在240~270℃范围反应为一级,求出在240、250、260和270℃时的反应速率常数分别为2.9×10-3、3.1×10-3、1.42×10-2和2.51×10-2min-1。表观活化能E为184.80×103kJ/mol,频率因子A=1.453×1016。     

利用无机膜分离技术降低大米饮料沉淀率的研究

大米饮料是目前国内饮料厂家密切关注和开发的产品。大米饮料因采用富含淀粉质的大米作为原料,经水解液化后制备而成,货架期内极易发生沉淀分离现象,严重降低了产品的商品价值。采用无机膜分离技术处理大米饮料,选择合适处理工艺及参数,可除去大米饮料中微米级颗粒。研究结果表明,无机膜处理能有效解决大米饮料的沉淀问题,工艺技术稳定可靠,可取代离心分离等净化技术。     

Hyperelastic Constitutive Relations and Finite Element Formulation for Porous Silicone Rubber

The strain energy density function which was decoupled into isochoric parts and volumetric parts is presented for describing mechanical behaviors of compressible porous silicone rubber material,the constitutive model is then attained.The finite element formulation for isotropic hyperelastic porous silicone rubber is developed by use of total Lagrangean method.     

A New Type of Solar Cell-CdS/CdTe for Applications in Refrigeration

CdS/CdTe polycrystalline thin film is a new type of high efficiency and low-cost solar cells, which is most promising for application in refrigeration, because it has many advantages such as few crystalline defects, large gap of energy, high stability, inexpensive and convenient for large area deposition. On the other hand, it is useful for environmental protection. The properties of CdS/CdTe thin film solar cell are revieweol and the development of the cell is presented. We have also described some large-area processing with low fabrication cost.     

Effective Thermal Conductivity of a New Material of Graphite Foam Based on Fractal Theory

The new material of graphite foam is a good thermal-conductivity material. With fractal theory, the fractal character of this novel porous material is discussed. Then a thermal-conductivity model of graphite foam is proposed. The relationship formula of effective thermal conductivity is presented by using thermal resistance method. The volume fractal dimension and effective thermal conductivity of this material are calculated. This new method for calculation is significant for porous material.     

不同包装材料对绿芦笋保鲜效果的影响

研究了低温条件下贮藏12 d不同包装材料对绿芦笋的保鲜效果。结果表明,微孔膜包装可明显抑制绿芦笋的呼吸强度,降低水分损失和叶绿素的分解速率,较好地保持了绿芦笋的原有品质;PE膜包装能够有效降低VC的降解速率,但保鲜效果较微孔膜次之;保鲜纸包装能够较好地抑制叶绿素的分解,但贮藏期较短;泡沫箱包装对延缓绿芦笋衰老效果不明显,不适于用作绿芦笋贮藏保鲜的包装材料,可结合其他措施作为周转箱使用。     

泡沫炭的制备及应用

泡沫炭(CF)是具有炭特征的海绵状炭材料。泡沫炭以其低密度、耐高温、高机械强度等优异性能而在较多领域展示出巨大应用潜力。对泡沫炭的制备原料、制备方法进行了综述,讨论了制备过程中的影响因素和其结构性能的差异,归纳了泡沫炭的结构、性质和应用,并对泡沫炭未来的发展进行了展望。     

硼酸催化制备木屑活性炭工艺及孔结构特征

以木屑为原料,磷酸为活化剂,硼酸为催化剂制备活性炭。通过正交实验考察了活性炭制备过程中磷屑比、硼酸添加量,活化温度和活化时间等因素对活性炭性能的影响。实验结果表明:生产活性炭的最佳工艺条件为磷屑比为1.5∶1,硼酸的添加量为1%,活化温度是400℃,活化时间为60 min,此时活性炭的得率为33.5%,亚甲基蓝吸附值为225 mg/g,碘吸附值为855 mg/g。添加硼酸的制备方法要比传统的用磷酸制备时的条件更加温和,通过调整工艺条件,可以改变活性炭产品的孔隙结构,生产出用于不同环境的液相吸附专用活性炭。